Ammonia in Farming

Ammonia emissions stemming from agricultural activities play a significant role in contributing to both environmental and health concerns. As ammonia interacts with other atmospheric pollutants, it gives rise to a myriad of challenges with far-reaching consequences.

One notable consequence is the formation of fine particulate matter, through the reaction of ammonia with nitrogen oxides, commonly originating from traffic emissions. This particulate matter, once formed, poses a threat to air quality, as inhalation can lead to respiratory issues such as coughing, throat irritation, and difficulty breathing. Individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions, such as asthma, are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of ammonia exposure.

Beyond its impact on human health, ammonia emissions contribute to broader environmental issues. The reaction of ammonia with nitrogen oxides facilitates the creation of atmospheric aerosols, affecting visibility and contributing to haze. In regions characterised by high levels of agricultural activity, the resulting reduction in visibility can be a pervasive issue. 

Likewise, ammonia runoff from agricultural fields and livestock facilities can introduce this compound into water bodies, contributing to eutrophication. The excess nutrients from ammonia can stimulate the overgrowth of algae and other aquatic plants, leading to reduced oxygen levels in water, adversely affecting aquatic ecosystems.

The repercussions extend to the atmosphere, where ammonia participates in the formation of ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate, contributing to acid rain. The detrimental effects of acid rain on soil, water quality, and vegetation are well-documented and can have lasting ecological implications.

Elevated levels of atmospheric ammonia can negatively impact biodiversity. Sensitive ecosystems may experience disruptions as a result of ammonia deposition, affecting various plant and animal species.

It is essential to recognise that the impact of ammonia emissions is contingent on regional variations, including local climate conditions, agricultural practices, and population density. Continuous monitoring efforts are necessary to refine our understanding of the multifaceted environmental and health risks associated with ammonia, promoting sustainable and responsible agricultural practices.